Ilan Davis
mRNA Localisation in Drosophila
Co-workers: Graeme Ball, Sam Cooper, James Halstead, Russell Hamilton, Suzanne McDermott, Carine Meignin, Richard Parton, Jan Soetaert, Ana Maria Valles, Tim Weil
A key question in biology is how different molecules are sorted and kept at their correct destinations within cells. For example, how mRNA localization and translational regulation target proteins to their site of function and facilitate memory and learning in the nervous system.
Considerable intracellular sorting is achieved by molecular motors transporting cargo along the cytoskeleton, a system analogous to a trains transporting cargo on train tracks. We have been studying the tickets (RNA signals) that determine which train (dynein motor) will be used by different passengers (RNA cargo) and how the ticket inspector (trans acting protein factors) chose which trains the passengers can travel on.
We have shown that the passengers are kept at the final destination by remaining attached to the engine (dynein motor) on the track (microtubules). Once it arrives at the destination, the cargo remains there even if the engine is switched off (ATPase activity of the motor is inhibited) and the driver and guard go home (motor cofactors inhibited).
We have been studying these processes in living cells using highly sensitive microscopy techniques, which can reveal the detailed dynamics of RNA movement. We are studying these processes in embryos and oocytes and in the nervous system.
Publications
- Zimyanin VL, Belaya K, Pecreaux J, Gilchrist MJ, Clark A, Davis I, St Johnston D. (2008). In vivo imaging of oskar mRNA transport reveals the mechanism of posterior localization. Cell 134, 843-53
- Weil TT, Parton R, Davis I, Gavis ER. (2008). Changes in bicoid mRNA anchoring highlight conserved mechanisms during the oocyte-to-embryo transition. Current Biology 18, 1055-61
- Delanoue, R., Herpers, B., Soetaert, J., Davis, I. and Rabouille, C. (2007). Drosophila Squid/hnRNP Helps Dynein Switch from a gurken mRNA Transport Motor to an Ultrastructural Static Anchor in Sponge Bodies. Developmental Cell, 13, 523-538
- Meignin, C., Alvarez-Garcia, I., Davis, I. and Palacios, I. (2007). The Salvador-Warts-Hippo Pathway Is Required for Epithelial Proliferation and Axis Specification in Drosophila. Current Biology 17, 1871-1878
- Delnaoue, R. and Davis, I. (2005). Dynein anchors its mRNA cargo after apical transport in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo. Cell 122, 97-1065
More Publications...
Research Images
Figure 1: Intracellular mRNA transport illustrated with a train analogy. The train tracks represent the polarized microtubule cytoskeleton, engines represent molecular motors (dynein and kinesin) and the passengers represent different RNA cargo (gurken, wingless ftz and oskar mRNA)
Figure 2: The movement of gurken (TGFalpha) RNA from the nurse cells into the oocyte in Drosophila egg chambers. After injection into the nurse cells, gurken RNA (red), assembles into particles that move through the ring canals (green), connecting the nurse cells (left) to the oocyte (right). The particles are shown as trails by superimposing multiple time points from a time lapse movie onto a single image
Figure 3: Syncytial blastoderm embryo expressing a nuclear GFP (green) injected with red RNA, which was allowed to fully localized followed by far red RNA (shown in cyan), which has not yet localized. Injection of inhibitory reagents can then assay distinct requirements for transport (blue RNA) and anchoring (red RNA) in the same living embryo
Contact: ilan.davis@bioch.ox.ac.uk
Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Positions: Enquiries with CV welcome
Website: http://www.wcb.ed.ac.uk/davis.htm